Tang Questions

Voice Pasive

Past Perfect

TeMaS BaSiCoS PaRa ApReNdEr iNgLeS 4

TEMARIO

1.. RELATIVE CLAUSULES

2.. THIRD CONDITIONAL
3.. PRESENT PERFECT IN PRESENT
4.. SECOND CONDITIONAL
5.. PAST PERFECT
6..VOICE PASSIVE IN PRESENT
7.. TAG QUESTIONS
8.. VOICE PASSIVE IN PAST

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RELATIVE CLAUSULES (WHO,WHOM,WHOSE,WHAT,WICH,THAT)

SIRVEN PARA UNIR DOS ORACIONES

that el que, la que, los que, las que, lo que
who quien, quienes
which el cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales, lo cual
whom a quien, a quienes
whose de quien, de quienes, cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas
what lo que, lo cual


EJEMPLOS:
I MET WOMAN WHO CAN SPEAK SIX LENGUAGE.
I KNOW SOMEBODY WHO KNOWS YOU.
THE MOVIE THAT YOU SAW YESTERDAY IS VERY SMALL
HE RESTAURANT FABULOUS WICH IS NOW A COFFE SHOP
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THIRD CONDITIONAL

ESTRUCTURA GRAMATICAL:
IF+PRONOUN+PAST PERFECT(HAD)+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMET+WOULD,COULD,MIGHT+PRESENT PERFECT (HAVE)+COMPLEMENT.

EJEMPLOS:
IF HE HAD COME TO MEETING, I WOULD HAVE SPOKEN TO HIM.
IF SHE HADN'T BEEN SICK, SHE MIGHT HAVE COME TO THE PARTY.
IF MARIO HAD BEEN MORE CAREFUL, HE WOULDN'T HAD HAVE AN ACCIDENT.
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PAST PERFECT IN PRESENT

ESTRUCTURA GRAMATICAL:
POSITIVO:
PRONOUN+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.
NEGATIVO:
HAS NOT ,HADN'T+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.
INTERROGATIVO:
HAS,HAVE+PRONOUN+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.

EJEMPLOS:
I HAVE DRIVEN A CAR .
WE HAVEN'T SPOKEN ENGLISH.
HAVE THEY WON THE BET? YES,I HAVE NO,I HAVEN'T
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SECOND CONDITIONAL

REGLA GRAMATICAL:
Se forma según la estructura if + simple past + simple condicional.
if + simple past + simple condicional.
If clause Main clause
If + Past Simple would / could / might + verb

EJEMPLOS:

• If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.
• If I were in Brazil, I would go to Rio de Janeiro.
• If I were you, I would buy that car.
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PAST PERFECT

REGLA GRAMATICAL:
POSITIVO:PRONOUN+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.
NEGATIVO:PRONOUN+HADN'T+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.
INTERROGATIVO:HAD+PRONOUN+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.

EJEMPLOS:
POSITIVO=
I HAD DRIVEN A CAR.
SHE HAD RIDDEN A HORSE
YOU HAD SPOKEN IN ENGLISH LENGUAGE.
NEGATIVO=
I HADN'T DRIVEN A CAR.
SHE HADN'T RIDDEN A HORSE.
YOU HADN'T SPOKEN IN ENGLISH LENGUAGE.
INTERROGATIVO=
HAD YOU DRIVEN A CAR? YES,I HAD NO,I HADN'T.
HAD SHE RIDEN A HORSE? YES,SHE HAD NO,SHE HADN'T
HAD YOU SPOKEN IN ENGLISH LENGUAGE? YES,YOU HAD NO.YOU HADN'T
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VOICE PASSIVE IN PRESENT

REGLA GRAMATICAL:
POSITIVO=OBJECT+VERB TO BE+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+PRONOUN.

NEGATIVO=VERB TO BE+NEGACION+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.
INTERROGATIVO=VERB TO BE+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE.

EJEMPLOS EN POSITIVO:
ACTIVE=I KISS MY DOG.
PASSIVE=DOG IS KISSED BY ME.

A=TOM WRITES A LETTER.
P=THE LETTER IS WRITTEN BY TOM.


EJEMPLOS EN NEGATIVO:
A=THEY DON'T INCLUDE MEALS IN THE PRICE
P=THE MEALS AREN'T INCLUDE IN THE PRICE.

EJEMPLOS EN INTERROGATIVO:
A=DOES THE HOTEL SERVE BREAKFAST AFTER 10 A.M.
P=IS BREAKFAST SERVE AFTER 10 A.M.

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TAG QUESTIONS

TRES REGLAS BASICAS QUE DEBES RECORDAR
1. Los tag questions utilizan siempre los verbos auxiliares.
2. Con oraciones afirmativas utilizamos un tag question en NEGATIVO.
3. Con oraciones negativas utilizamos un tag question en AFIRMATIVO o POSITIVO.

Los tag questions son pequeñas frases o preguntas (mini-questions) que se colocan al final de una oración afirmativa o negativa y que generalmente tienen como objetivo confirmar o negar el contenido de la frase misma.

EJEMPLOS:

MARK IS IN HIS HOUSE ISN'T HE?

LESLIE AND TANYA AREN'T IN THE PARTY ARE THEY?

YOU WERE IN THE CLASS WEREN'T YOU?

NICOLE LEND HER IPOD TO AARON DOSEN'T SHE?

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VOICE PASSIVE IN PAST

Nota: El past simple de to be es Was – Were. ( Dependiendo del sujeto. )
El Past simple se usa para acciones que están terminadas.
Los auxiliares de interrogación y negación son: was o were según le corresponda a cada sujeto.

REGLA GRAMATICAL:

OBJECT+WAS-WERE+VERB PAST PARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENT.

ACTIVE=I BOUGHT A CAR

PASSIVE=THE CAR WAS BOUGHT BY ME.

A=HE WON THE BASEBALL MATCH

P=THE BASEBALL MATCH WAS WON BY HE.

A=THE TOOK FISH FOR THE PARTY.

P=THE FISH WAS TAKEN FOR THE PARTY.

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